Voltaire wrote Candide as a contradiction to Leibnitz’s thesis, which postulated reality as “the best of all possible worlds,” stating that God could think many possible worlds but wanted only the best. Only slowly does it dawn on him that his naive, optimistic view of human beings – his belief in the best of all possible worlds – does not stand up to reality. His path takes him around the globe, and he experiences one grotesque catastrophe after another. Voltaire portrayed the protagonist Candide as a naive young man raised to optimism who has to leave his familiar home and his mistress. Voltaire and Leibnitz – The philosophers’ dispute To understand Bernstein’s Candide, it is worthwhile to take a brief look at the philosophical debate that induced Voltaire to write Candide, in order to reflect it in a second step with Bernstein’s reality of life. Unis dès la plus tendre enfance (Iphigenia)īernstein’s Candide follows Voltaire’s novella “Candide or the Optimism” (french: “Candide ou l’optimisme”) from 1755 quite closely.Madamina, il catalogo, Catalogue Aria (Don Giovanni).Je dis que rien ne m’epouvante (Carmen).Glück, das mir verblieb (Die tote Stadt). Dies Bildnis ist wunderschön (Zauberflöte).
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